In the process of producing concrete, self compacting concrete mixer needs accurate measurement of raw materials such as aggregate, powder, liquid admixture and water. For the mixer truck which has no fixed outdoor work place and needs to be mixed and poured on site, it is necessary to keep the stability and stability of the equipment and frame in the measurement process to ensure the high-quality raw material measurement process. It can be used in all aspects of mixer structure.
骨料的輸送和計(jì)量，采用了石子和砂疊加計(jì)量輸送的皮帶秤裝置。骨料在卸料進(jìn)入皮帶秤的過程中，因空間的落差存在，使得卸料門接收信號(hào)關(guān)閉后，有多余骨料進(jìn)入到皮帶秤中。通過軟件、電氣控制，使其具備能夠自動(dòng)補(bǔ)償骨料的落差量，準(zhǔn)確達(dá)到計(jì)量的目標(biāo)值。皮帶秤使用裙邊皮帶進(jìn)行骨料輸送，皮帶側(cè)邊的裙邊結(jié)構(gòu)能防止砂、石子向側(cè)邊漏料，保障計(jì)量準(zhǔn)確。砂計(jì)量皮帶采用變頻控制，能根據(jù)計(jì)量的需要調(diào)節(jié)輸送的速度，進(jìn)一步提高計(jì)量精度。
Aggregate transport and measurement, the use of gravel and sand overlay metering conveyor belt scale device. In the process of discharging the aggregate into the belt scale, due to the existence of space gap, after the receiving signal of the discharge door is closed, there is surplus aggregate into the belt scale. Through software and electrical control, it can automatically compensate the drop of aggregate and accurately achieve the target value of measurement. Belt weigher uses skirt belt for aggregate conveying. The skirt structure on the side of belt can prevent sand and stone from leaking to the side and ensure accurate measurement. The sand metering belt adopts frequency conversion control, which can adjust the conveying speed according to the needs of metering, so as to further improve the metering accuracy.
粉料的使用量小于骨料的使用量，為達(dá)到精確的計(jì)量，需要采用更嚴(yán)格的措施。攪拌車在進(jìn)行粉料的配料工作時(shí)，粉料通過帶有變頻功能的螺旋輸送機(jī)進(jìn)行輸送后，進(jìn)入匹配的粉料秤中計(jì)量。通過變頻控制對(duì)螺旋輸送速度進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)，初始計(jì)量時(shí)快速送料，節(jié)省時(shí)間；計(jì)量接近目標(biāo)值時(shí)慢速送料，把控精度。以此在兼顧效率的情況下，實(shí)現(xiàn)了粉料的粗、精計(jì)量效果。
The usage of powder is less than that of aggregate. In order to achieve accurate measurement, more strict measures need to be taken. When the mixing truck is mixing the powder, the powder is transported by the screw conveyor with frequency conversion function and then measured in the matching powder scale. The screw conveying speed is adjusted by frequency conversion control, so that the material can be delivered quickly in the initial metering, saving time; When the measurement is close to the target value, the feeding speed is slow to control the accuracy. In this way, the coarse and fine metering effect of powder is realized under the condition of efficiency.
與皮帶秤類似，螺旋輸送機(jī)與粉秤之間也存在高度落差，為提升計(jì)量精度，粉料計(jì)量系統(tǒng)(如圖4)采用了“一增一減”控制算法。其過程如下：當(dāng)粉秤在輸送、存料階段時(shí)，采用增量控制算法，進(jìn)行落差量的自動(dòng)補(bǔ)秤；當(dāng)粉秤在卸料階段時(shí)，系統(tǒng)檢測粉秤內(nèi)存儲(chǔ)量，如重量超出目標(biāo)值時(shí)，系統(tǒng)執(zhí)行減量控制算法，截留超出的重量供下批次配料使用。由于粉料自身的細(xì)微顆粒、容易結(jié)塊的特性，粉秤的出料口處的軟連接容易出現(xiàn)積灰、積料的現(xiàn)象，將對(duì)計(jì)量精度造成不利的影響。對(duì)此使用專為粉料卸料設(shè)計(jì)的異形軟連接，能防止粉料積料產(chǎn)生的拉秤現(xiàn)象，不良影響。通過變頻輸送、“一增一減”、防拉連接這些措施，保障攪拌車中粉料計(jì)量準(zhǔn)確進(jìn)行。
Similar to the belt scale, there is a height drop between the screw conveyor and the powder scale. In order to improve the metering accuracy, the powder metering system (as shown in Figure 4) adopts the "one increase and one decrease" control algorithm. The process is as follows: when the powder scale is in the stage of conveying and storing, the incremental control algorithm is used to make up the drop automatically; When the powder scale is in the unloading stage, the system detects the storage capacity of the powder scale. If the weight exceeds the target value, the system implements the decrement control algorithm to intercept the excess weight for the next batch of ingredients. Due to the characteristics of fine particles and easy caking of powder itself, the soft connection at the outlet of powder scale is prone to dust and material accumulation, which will have an adverse impact on the measurement accuracy. In this regard, the use of special-shaped soft connection designed for powder unloading can prevent the scale pulling phenomenon caused by powder accumulation and eliminate adverse effects. Through the measures of frequency conversion transportation, "one increase and one decrease" and anti pull connection, the accurate measurement of powder in the mixer can be ensured.
在框架、箱體振動(dòng)不可避免的情況下，為了保證水和液體外加劑準(zhǔn)確計(jì)量，采用傳統(tǒng)的單吊點(diǎn)式、以拉式傳感器計(jì)量的方式不是選擇。采用拉式傳感器作為計(jì)量元件的液體秤，其原理是通過感應(yīng)計(jì)量重量產(chǎn)生的重力應(yīng)變，轉(zhuǎn)換為電信號(hào)得到重量值，在混凝土攪拌站中應(yīng)用廣泛。然而由于其感應(yīng)靈敏的特性，在進(jìn)行微小目標(biāo)值計(jì)量時(shí)，設(shè)備框架的振動(dòng)、外力微小的擾動(dòng)等都可能導(dǎo)致計(jì)量值的偏離，在結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、計(jì)量要求精確、工況復(fù)雜、拌合質(zhì)量要求高的自密實(shí)混凝土攪拌車中，應(yīng)當(dāng)有更好的設(shè)計(jì)。通過多次試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證，水、液體外加劑使用流量計(jì)進(jìn)行原材料計(jì)量，很好的克服了拉式傳感器的缺點(diǎn)。
In the case of inevitable vibration of frame and box, in order to ensure the accurate measurement of water and liquid additives, the traditional single hanging point and pull sensor measurement method is not the best choice. The principle of liquid scale using pull type sensor as measuring element is that the gravity strain produced by measuring weight is induced and converted into electrical signal to get the weight value, which is widely used in concrete mixing station. However, due to its sensitive characteristics, the vibration of the equipment frame and the small disturbance of external force may lead to the deviation of the measurement value when measuring the micro target value. In the self compacting concrete mixer with compact structure, accurate measurement requirements, complex working conditions and high mixing quality requirements, there should be a better design. Through many tests, water and liquid admixtures are measured by flowmeter, which overcomes the shortcomings of pull sensor.
在液體計(jì)量系統(tǒng)中采用的流量計(jì)，其工作原理是根據(jù)電磁感應(yīng)原理進(jìn)行流量測量。當(dāng)水、外加劑這類導(dǎo)體在磁場中做切割磁力線運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)，在管道兩端的電極上產(chǎn)生感應(yīng)電勢。通過測量感應(yīng)電勢，結(jié)合其他已知參數(shù)換算為水或外加劑的計(jì)量重量。在流量計(jì)中，感應(yīng)電壓信號(hào)與平均流速呈線性關(guān)系，測量精度高；測量電極內(nèi)置，抗干擾能力強(qiáng)；計(jì)量過程不受到振動(dòng)因素影響，計(jì)量過程穩(wěn)定平穩(wěn)。
The working principle of the flowmeter used in the liquid measurement system is to measure the flow according to the principle of electromagnetic induction. When conductors such as water and additives cut the magnetic lines of force in a magnetic field, an induced potential is generated on the electrodes at both ends of the pipe. By measuring the induced potential, combined with other known parameters, it can be converted into the weight of water or admixture. In the flowmeter, there is a linear relationship between the induced voltage signal and the average flow velocity, and the measurement accuracy is high; The measuring electrode is built in and has strong anti-interference ability; The measurement process is not affected by vibration factors, and the measurement process is stable.
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